Car construction



Feb. 6, 1940.

c. w. MILLER CAR CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Jan. 9, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 2'. s. ATTOR Y Feb. 6, 1940. w, MILLER CAR CONSTRUCTION Original filed Jan. 9, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 E- 5. \Aiilm. ATTORNEY Feb. 6, 1940. c. w. MILLER CAR CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Jan. 9, 1937 1 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR I W AT'T'OR Y 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. W W 'YYlLua/v C. W. MILLER CAR CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Jan. 9, 1957 Feb. 6194a Patented Feb. 6, 1940 UNITED sTA s Carl W. Miller, Beaver Falls, Pa., assignoi' to Pressed'Steel Car Company, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Refiled for abandoned application Serial No. 119,791, January 9, 1937. This application May 1'7, 1938, Serial No. 208,371 f l I The invention pertains generally to-dump Vehlcles including .railroad cars and road vehicles having one or more walls of the lading body formedof doors which selectively open outwardly and downwardly as the body is tilted to discharge the lading and pertains particularly to a mechanism mounted on the vehicle for automatically and selectively controlling theopening and effecting the closing of the open door when the ,lading 10 body .is tilted and righted in dischargingjthe lading. I

Railroad and highway dump vehicles provided with tilting bodies have end or side walls or both formed of doors hinged adjacent the'floor-of the v bodyand opening outwardly as the body is tilted todischarge lading are usually automatic in operation, thatis, the mechanism for tilting the body is usually mounted on the vehiclejunderframe, a separate mechanism is provided i-for controlling the opening and closing of the-lading discharging doors and the latter mechanism automatically and selectively controls thedoors as the body is moved out .of and returned to' no rmal position. Such mechanisms, in addition to controlling the opening and closing of the doors,

may be adapted to retain the doors in closed vposition whilst the body of the vehicle is in normal 1 position. Some of said vehicles have :the door controlling mechanism mounted upon the ve- 3 hicle. underframe, others upon the vehicle body.

In the. present invention, the said door controllingmechanisms are mounted upon the body and move relative to theunderframe and with the body as the body moves relative to the underframe in the dumping and righting movements.

In some designs of door controlling mechanisms the door on the. descending side of the tilting body is positively moved into open position 1 and positively returned to closed position when 40 the body is righted. In other designs of door controlling mechanisms the said-"door at the descending side of the body is released by the mechanism for opening solely by gravity and theweight of the lading as the body is moved to dumped position and is forcibly returned to closed position bythe mechanism when the body is righted.

In this latter type of mechanism it is particularly advantageous to have the door controlling mechanism regulate the opening rate of the door by the tilting movement of the body so that under ordinaryoperating conditions the door does not open abruptly when the body is tilted. The chief advantage in a gravity opening door lies in the prevention of damage to the door and the door mechanism when, for some "reason, the door at PATEN OFFICE the descendingsidefof theftiltingbody is prevented from openingas the body is tilted. One cause-of failure'of the said door to open isthe adherenceof the door to the lading as where a moist, sticky lading is carried by the body, or 5 where the lading has been frozento the doorand to the bodyt Another cause of failure is where the door, after partially opening, strikes an obstruction at the side of the carand is-prevented from further downward movement In such '10 .cases, thedoon'being f-ree'tomove towards the body, permits the continued tilting of the body, thereby preventing damageto the mechanism and various portions of the .vehiclefl.

Most. tilting .body dumpgvehicles provide. for 15 tilting the body to both sidesof the vehicle underframev and forthis purpose are 'providedwith doors. on opposite sides of. the body. To: prevent the doors onopposite sides of the body from,open-,.

ing atthe same time. when the body is tilted to- 20 ward either side ofthelvehiclasome means must be provided to lock thedoor closed on the rising .sideof the body whent'he body is outof normal position. In the present invention the mechanism controlling the door at vthe dumping side 5 of the -.jbody, is ,utilized to retain the mechanism attached to? the ,cloor'on the opposite side of the is provided with means for holding the door on' il) I the opposite side of the bodyclosed whilst the I body'is out ofnormal position, it is customary to provide door mechanisms on QppQsite sideS of the body which are independent of eachother t0' the extent thatfeither of the mechanisms can45 be actuated without actuation of the other during the tilting and rightingof the body. .Anobject of the'present invention is to provide a doorco'ntrollingmechanism for a tilting body dumpvehicle, which mechanism maintains the50 doors in c1osedposition when the body is in normal position and which controls the opening and closing of the discharging door as the body is tilted and righted, and which maintains the door on the rising side of the body closed" during said 55 movements'of the body relative to the vehicle underframe.

Another object of the invention is to provide a door controlling mechanism for a dump vehicle of the character described which will release the door at the descending side of the dumping body so as to open solely by gravity and the weight of lading upon the door, such release being preferably qualified to the extent that the rate of opening of the door is regulated by the rate of tilting of the body and upon returning of the body to normal position the door, if open, is'

forcibly moved to closedposition.

Another object of the invention is to provide door controlling mechanisms at each side of the longitudinal medial line through the body, each said mechanism being connected to the body and door on the adjacent side of the body and functioning at the dumping side of the body independently of any movement of the mechanism on the opposite side of the body.

Another object of the invention is to provide a suitable connection between the door controlling mechanism and the body so that the body when tilting to one side of the underframe moves the opposite doorv mechanism into engagement with the underframe to maintain the door controlled by said mechanism in closed position during the initial tilting movements of the body.

A further object of the invention is to utilize the mechanism attached to the door on the descending side of the body to prevent actuation of the mechanism attached to the door on the opposite or rising side of the bodyduring a portion of the tilting movement of the body, to retain the latter door in closed position whilst the body is out of normal position.

In the drawings forming a part of this specification, Fig. 1 is a transverse vertical section through a railway car equipped with the invention and having the lading body in normal position; Fig. 2 is a section taken on lines 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows the body of Fig. 1 in fully tilted position and the corresponding positions of the door controlling mechanism; Fig. 4 shows a modification of the form of the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 3; Figs. 5 and 6 show another modified form of the invention; Fig, 7 shows a modification in the means of mounting the door controlling mechanism on the body.

Referring now in detail to the drawings where like reference characters refer to like parts, the underframe of the car comprises a center sill structure I having laterally disposed members 2 spaced longitudinally of the sill structure at each side thereof and secured thereto. Adjacent the upper faces of some of the transverse members 2 are provided bearingsurfaces 3 for supporting the body in normal position and other -concave bearing surfaces 4 spaced outwardly of the bearingsurfaces 3 for supporting. the body during the tilting and righting movements. It is to be understood that a single trunnion type of support or any othersuitable type of body supporting bearings may be substituted for the type shown in the drawings without alfecting the invention. As illustrated in Figs. 1, 4, 6, and '7 of the drawings, the members 2 comprise oppositely disposed pressed diaphragms which are spaced apart longitudinally of the car and connected .top and bottom by top and bottom cover plates. The top cover plate of the member 2 has a suitable aperture therein, such as illustrated in Fig. 6, through which the door mechanism extends when the body is in a horizontal position as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 7 of the drawings.

This underframe is supported by the usual trucks indicated generally by the reference character 5. Although not shown because they form no part of the present invention, it is customary to mount the body tilting mechanism upon the underframe. This mechanism can be of any desired form, many of which are well-known in the art. It is to be understood, however, that the door controlling mechanism hereinafter described is in no way dependent upon a particular form of body tilting mechanism and that the body tilting mechanism may be otherwise mounted than as described.

The lading body of the car may be of any desired construction suitable for the service in which the car is used. The construction disclosed in the drawings comprises a lading body floor having a floor plate 1 reinforced by transversely disposed members 6 beneath the floor plate I and secured thereto through the medium of a sub-floor plate l with wood flooring members between the two floor plates producing a sandwich type floor. Secured adjacent the ends of some of the members 6 and extending beyond the ends thereof are extensions 6 to which the floor plate l is secured and the lower ends of the extensions 6 and floor plate I are reinforced by a side sill member 6 Pivotally mounted at opposite sides of the floor of the body on hearing pins 8 journaled in the ends of members 6 are doors 9 forming the side walls of the body, which doors have a downwardly extending portion i6 depending below the bearing pins 8. The end walls of the body, which are not shown, may be of any suitable design and are preferably rigidly secured to the ends of the fioor of the body and provide abutments for the side wall to limit movement thereof in one direction. Disposed beneath the body and adjacent opposite sides thereof are bearing members 20 secured to members 6 of the body to provide support for the body upon the underframe, said bearing members 29 having suitably formed portions engaging the bearing surfaces 3 of the underframe to support the body in normal position and other suitably formed portions forming pivots about which the body turns in the bearings 4 of the underframe during the dumping and righting movements of the body. Disposed beneath the floor of the body and secured to members 6 thereof are suitable bearing plates [0 upon which the door controlling mechanisms are mounted. As shown in Fig. '7 or" the drawings the bearing members 29 and bearing plates it) may be combined into a suitable bearing member 20 providing'support for the body upon the underframe and a support for the body controlling mechanism.

Door controlling mechanisms are spaced 10ngitudinally of the body beneath the floor thereof on opposite sides of the center sill structure I and comprise a jointed connection between the door and body, which connection is controlled by a member I! pivoted on the body and moving relative to the underframe with the body as the body moves in dumping. Said jointed connection preferably comprises an adjustable link 14' pivotally connected at one end to the depending portion l6 of the door 9 by means of the pin l5 and pivotally connected at the other end by means of the pin l3 to a lever H having its free end pivotally mounted on the bearing plate It by means of the pin l2, or as shown in Fig. 7,

- as is the roller I8 of the opposite crank I I: for a means of the pin I2 preferably bifurcated and provided with oppothe underfrairie by means 'of the'body tilting mechanism .(not shown). The body in tilting pivotally mounted on the body bearing 20 by This latter lever 'II is sitely disposed portions I9 within the bifurcation for a purpose hereinafter to be described.

Pivotally mounted on the pin I2 and within the bifurcation of the lever I I is a crank I'I'completing the door mechanism, said crank engaging the portions IQ of the lever II to limit relative movement between thecrank and lever in one direction and the crank is provided with a suitably projecting portion upon which is mounted a roller I8 engaging the center sill structure I to limit relative pivotal movement in the op-' wherein the lading body is shown in normal lading retaining position relative to the underframe with the doors 9 in upright closed position, it will be observed that the door mechanisms mounted on opposite sides of the longitudinal medial line through the body and connected with the adjacent doors maintain their respective doors locked in closed position. From an examination of the drawings it is apparent thatthe jointed connection between the door extension I6 and the body comprising the link I4 and lever II would break upwardly as the door rotating on its hinge 8 would move'outwardly and downwardly under the force of gravity plus the weight of any lading within the body were it not for the crank I1 engaging portions I9 of lever II and preventing rotation of the latter. The crank I! is pivotally mounted on the body by means of a bearing pin such as I2 and hasportions on opposite sides of thebearing pin I2 engaging the crank II andthe center sill structure I. Since the crank I1 is forced downwardly toward the underframe by the weight of the body it effectively locks its associated door in closed position whilst the body is in normal lading retaining position. As there are cranks I! on opposite sides of the center sillstructure and each is provided with .a roller I8 engaging the center sill structure the portions of the crank upon which the rollers I8 are mounted are offset to prevent interference of the rollers I8 of the door mechanisms when the body is in normal lading retaining position. Upon reference to Fig.2 it willbe observed that'the flange 2I of each crank I1 is disposed upon the same side of the member-I1 purpose hereinafter to be described. As observed in Fig. l of thedrawings each crank I I has a portion overlying the center sill structure I and a portion disposed below the horizontal plane of the upper surface of the center sill structure I. Each crank member I1 has a suitably formed offset therein to provide clearance between the crank I! and the adjacent upper surface of the center sill structure I and the centersill structure has a suitably formed portion I disposed adjacent each crank I! for a purpose hereinafter to be described. 1 ,"15.

Referring now to Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings wherein the body is tilted aboutthe right side. of

' ter sillstructure I.

upon vthebearings 20 at the right side of the body I carries the cra'nks I'I upwardly and to the right away from the center sill structure I, thereby 5 freeing the crank I"I-for rotation inwardly of the'underframe as the door; 9 at the right side of 'the body opens -under the forces of gravity and the weight of the lading within the body and it will be observed that the amount the descending l0 door may open is governed by the rate of tilting of the body, i.e.,' the rate'the body moves the pivotal connection I2 between the crank and the body upwardly and'outwardly away from the cen- In designing the crank I1 it ispreferable to have a preponderance of the weight thereof disposed inwardly of a vertical lin'e' through-the crank'bearing pin I2 when the vbody is in-normal lading retaining position so 1. that the crank 'II 'will tend to rotate of its own weight when the body begins to tilt and tend to retain the roller I 8V in engagement with the underframe structure I during the initial tilting of I the body inthe event that the door 9 does not i open as the body begins to tilt, for as previously" described, the door in moving from closed to open position does so wholly and solely, if at all, "under? theforce'of gravity and weight of the contained lading within the body. Assuming the door doesopen when the body is tilted, the portion I6 01 the door acting through link I4 caused lever. I I to rotateinwardlyof the body. This rotation isgof course, restricted by engagement between lever II and member I! so that the rate "the door canopenis regulated by the rate airwhich the member rotates inwardly of the body 'as the body raises the fulcrum pin I2 of member 11 upwardly and away from. the underframe.

As the body continues its tilting movement and the descending door 9 continues its rotation upon the hinge'pin 8,:the depending portion I60-f the door engages the stop 22 on the body, thereby limiting the opening of the'door to a. position equal to or slightly below a continuation of the 7 plane ofthe floor plate 'I'and thereafter as thetbodycontinues its tilting the lever II will move away fromvthe crank I'I until the body reaches fully tilted'position as shown in Fig. 3 of the w drawings. I I 'Allof the description so far has been limited to the doorat the'descending side of the body.

As previously stated, it is desirable during this tilting movement to retain the door on the rising side ofthe body, i.-e., the side of the body opposite that: at which the lading is being discharged; and for this purpose the cranks H on initial tilting "movements of the body to retain its associated door mechanism and door in closed 'position. During this initial tilting movement .the roller I8 of the crank I! at the left'side of the body moveszacross the center sill structure --I toward theright side of the underframe and.

engages with the flange 2! of the crank ll of the door mechanism at the right side of the body and thereafter moves along said flange 2! to retain the mechanism associated with the door at the left side of the body in the same position .urelative to the body as when the body is in nor- -mal position. thereby locking the door at the left .side of the body in closed position. i This relative Z5 drawings.

position betweenitheroller l8 ofzthezcrank I! at theleft side'of-the .bodycandithe :flange' H of trolling mechanisms: occur except that as the body begins-itsrighting movement the crank l'l associated with the open door is-rotated towards its respective door until itengages the associated lever H- and thereafter the force of the descending body-acting .throughsaid. crank l'l rotates the lever I 1 toward its associated door and moves its associated-door toward closed position until 'the body, "the door and-theassociated mechanism reaches the positions shownin Fig. 1 of the During this return 1 movement or righting of the body the mechanismon the left I side of the body moves offthe crank ll of the door mechanism on the right side of the body and moves onto the center sill structure as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.- of the crank l1 associated with the opening and closing door, it is preferable to have the face of the fiange 2! thereof, which engages the roller I 8 of the opposite door mechanism, formedxon" an arc of a'circle struck from the center of the hearing pin l2.

The foregoing description pertained to the tilting and righting movements of the bodyand the opening and closing of the door at the right side of the body.-- As the mechanisms"onxopposite sides of the body are substantially duplicates it will be obvious that the mechanisms on the left side of the body will be similarly actuated when the body is tilted and righted in dumping-toward the left side of the underframe.

Referring now to Fig. 4 of the drawings the portion of the body, underframe and door mechanism there disclosed is identical with that previously described with the addition of a member 23 mounted on the centersill structure'adjacent each roller l8 of the door mechanism. This member 23 has a suitably formed surface upon which the roller. l8 moves during the initial dumping movement of the bodytowards the opposite side of the underframe so as to retain the mechanism associatedwith the door at the rising side of the body in the samerelative position to the body as when the body is in normal position and until such time asthe crank l1 associated with the door at the dumping'side of the body moves inwardly into a position to provide a support for the roller l8 of the mechanism associated with the door at the rising side of the body as previously described. Although not shown, it is obvious that the mechanism disposed on the right side of the body has a similar member 23 associated therewith as is disclosed in Fig. 4 and associated with the mechanism on the left side of the body. The member 23 is a substitute for the portion i of the underframe as previously described as both the portions I and the portion 23 are used forthe same purpose.

' Referring now to Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings, the body, underframe and door mechanism are substantially the same as shown in Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings and described in the specifications, the exception being the omission of the portions i on the center sill'structure for controlling the adjacent door mechanism. Likewise, the door mechanism disclosed in Figs. 5 and 6 distinguishes from the door mechanism shown in.Fig.

Due-to the rotation 4 by the-"omissioniof'the member 23. It is, of course; to benundei'stood that whilst it is possible to alter the. mechanisms of Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive toincludexthe additional portions of the door mechanism shown in Figs. 5 and 6, it is the pres- "ent intention to make unnecessary the excepted vportions'of Figs. 1 to 4 by the inclusion of the additionalportions in Figs. 5 and 6. In the door mechanism disclosed in the latter two figures a 'link 24 has been added having one end pivotally connected to the crank IT and the other end of the link connected to the underframe by means of the bracket 26 and pin 21. The aperture in link 24. receiving pin 2'! is preferably elongated longitudinally of the member 24 to accommodate.

the relative lateral movement between the body and underframe during the dumping and righting movements of the body.

From an inspection of Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings it will be obvious that the body and mechanism shownthereon when in normal position will bear a similar relationship to the underframe as is disclosed in Fig. 1 of the drawings, and like wise upon tilting the body towards the right side of the :underframe the portions H, H and M of the doormechanism and the door 9 will function as previously described. Link 24 associated with the door mechanism on the right side of the body and connected to the underframe at the left side thereof will obviously restrain movement of roller l8 of the crank l'l away from the x underframe and initiate rotation of the associat- 'ed crank inwardly of the underframe upon the tilting movements of the body so as to position said crank to engage with the crank associated with the door on the rising side of the body and 'therebyifunction as a substitute for the portions I of Fig. l of the drawings or portion 23 in Fig. 4' of the drawings. During the righting movements of the body, it is obvious that the mechanisms will perform their function of closing the opened door in the same manner as previously described inconnection with the mechanisms disclosed in Figs. '1 to 4 inclusive.

Upon reference to Figs, 5 and 6 of the drawings it will be observed that each crank I! and its associated link 25 when out of engagement with the underframe forms a toggle lock preventing rotation of the crank l1 and thereby retains the associated door in closed position. Although the crank H in Fig. 5 has been shown with a flange 2| supporting roller 18 of the oppositecrank H, by reason of the toggle lock formed between the crank I! and link 24 such flange is not necessary and may be omitted.

Throughout the description of the invention reference has, of necessity, been made to the specific form of invention illustrated by the drawings but it is to be understood that many changes in detail will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art and I do not wish to limit myself to the specific form of the invention except as made necessary by the scope of the appended claims. -This application is refiled for abandoned application, Serial No. 119,791, filed January 9, 1937.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe,'a body supported thereon for tilting toward opposite sides of the underframe, doors forming opposite side walls of the body and opening outwardly and downwardly as the body is tilted, a link and lever connection between each door andthe body, a pressure member pivoted inv frame.

termediate its ends upon the body beneath the floor thereof and adjacent each lever, means providing a bearing for the outer end of said pressure member on said lever, a suitable bearing 5 surface on the inner end of said pressure :mem-

said lever and the door below said hinge connection, and a member pivotally mounted on said body and disposed wholly below the plane of the floor thereof for selective engagement with I zo 'said lever, said body acting through said member to actuate-said lever and link to move said door from open to closed position when the body is righted and to release said leverfor pivotal movement with the door when the body is tilted. 251 3. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body tiltable to each side of said underframe, doors forming opposite walls of the body, a hinge-connection between each door and the body adjacent the floor of the latter,,a link and lever connection between each door and body below the plane of said bodyfioor, means pivoted to the body-adjacent each lever, said means having portions engaging the underframe and lever when the body is in normal position, abutments -on. the underframe about which each means moves to maintain the means in position for engagement with the adjacent lever when the adjacent side of the body moves away from the underframe during the initial dumping movementtowards the opposite side of the underframe, and suitably formed portions on each said meansto engage with and maintainthe position of-the upper one of said means during the remaining dumping movement of the bodyi j 4. In a dump vehicle, in combination, an underframe, a body tiltably supported thereon, doors formingside walls of the body and hinged adjacent the fioor thereof, a mechanism for each door for controlling the opening and closing movements thereof through movement of the body relative to the underframe, each said mechanism being connected to its respective door and'the adjacent side of the body and disposed adjacent a portion of the underframe for engagement therewith when the said adjacent side of the body is walls for said ,body including doors hinged adja-' cent the floor thereof, a link and lever connection between each door and adjacent side of the body, a crank and link connectionbetween the 70 body adjacent each door and the opposite side of the underframe, a selective connection between said crank and lever, and a bearing engagement between said crank and the underframe whilst the body is in normal position and whilst -.tilting about the adjacent side of the underframe,

said link connected to said crank and underframe maintaining said crank in normal posi-"' tion whilst the side of the body adjacent thereto isout of engagement with the underframe.

6. In a dump vehicle in combination, an under- 5 i frame, a-body supported thereon for tilting about opposite sides of the underframe, doors forming side walls of the body and hinged adjacentthe floor thereof for opening outwardly solely by gravity-and weight of lading when the body tilts 0' toward the adjacentside of the underframe, each door being providedwith an arm depending below the floor of the body, a lever disposed beneath the" body and pivoted thereto inwardly of said door arm, a pivoted link connection between one 1 end of said lever and the door arm, a crank pivotally connected to the body beneath the floor thereof adjacent each door and provided with an inwardly disposed portion'engaging the underframe below the floor of the body whenthe '20 body is in normal position, said adjacent crank and lever having engaging portions preventing pivotal movement of the lever in a direction inwardly of the body when the body is in normal position and each said crank and lever rotating relativeto the body to controlthe opening and closing of the associated door as the body moves i c in dumping about the adjacent side of the underframe. 1

7. The combination in a dump vehicle of an underframe, a body supported thereon and tilting abouta side of the underframe, a door forminga side wall of the body and hinged adjacent 1 the floor thereof, an arm rigid with the door and depending below the hinge connection, a 35* lever pivoted to thebody and link connected to the depending door arm, a member pivoted to-the' body and extending inwardly of the car be tween the-body and underframe to a bearing on theunderframe, said member and lever having 4o abutting portions retaining the lever in 'p'osition to lock the door closed when the body is a in normal position, said membernormally remaining in engagement with the underframe dur ing tilting and righting movements of the body 45 porting members at. each side of the center-sill 50 structure and spaced longitudinally thereof, a lading body including laterally spaced bearing members engaging the underframe body supporting members to maintain the body in stable equilibrium when in normal position and about -11 v which the body first rolls and then pivots when tilting toward the opposite sides ofthe under frame, doors forming'side walls of the body, a link-and lever connection'between each door and 'the adjacent side of the body, said lever beingpivoted beneath the body inwardly of the "adjacent body bearing member and rotated inwardly of the vehicle solely through action of the opening door as the body tilts about the adjacent side of the underframe, a crank pivotally 5 mounted on the 'bodyadjacent said lever and disposed between the body and underframe so that the-body in tilting towards the adjacent'side of j the underframe moves the crank mounting away from the underframe and'in righting moves same towardsjthe underframe thereby causing rotation of the crank, and abutting surfaces on the crank and lever-causing same to rotate simultaneouslywhen the body is righting and permitting closing of the door and rotation of the le-- center sill structure, said inwardly extending ver independently of the movement of the body when the latter is pivoting about the adjacent side of the un-derframe.

9. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body mounted for tilting toward opposite sides of the underframe, doors forming opposite side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, a member disposed between the body and underframe and pivoted to the body adjacent each door, an abutment on the underframe adjacent the inner end of each of said members to provide a support for said member during initial tilting of the body toward the side of the underframe opposite the member controlled thereby, each said members normally engaging the underframe when the body is horizontal and pivoting inwardly of the vehicle to remain in engagement with the underframe when the body is tilting toward the adjacent side of the underframe, means on each of said members providing a support for the member adjacent the door on the opposite side of the body when the latter side of the body is out of engagement with the underframe, a link and lever connection between each door and the adjacent portion of the body, said member adjacent each link and lever connection controlling the opening and forcing the closing of the associated door by movement relative to the body and in engagement with said lever.

10. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body tiltable toward opposite sides of the underframe, doors forming side walls of the body and hinged adjacentthe floor thereof for opening solely by gravity when the body tilts toward the adjacent side of the underframe, a door controllin mechanism mounted on the body beneath the floor thereof and adjacent each door, eachmechanism including a pivotally mounted member having an inwardly extending arm engaging the underframe when the body is in normal position and normally rotating toward the under-frame when the body moves away from the underframe in dumping, each said member having a suitably formed portion engaging an adjacent portion of the underframe during initial tilting of the body towards the opposite side of the underframe, each said mechanism maintaining its respective door closed through engagement of the said pivoted member withthe underframe when the body is in normal position and cooperating through said pivotal members to retain the door mechanism on the upper side of the body in fixed relation to the body when the body is out of normal position.

11. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underfrarne comprising a center sill structure having a substantially fiat upper face and laterally extending body supporting members spaced longitudinally of the center sill structure below the plane of said upper face, a body comprising a floor having laterally extending reinforcing members spaced longitudinally of the body below the lading surface of the floor, bearing members depending from said body members and engaging the body supporting members of the underframe, each said body supporting member having a substantially flat surface engaged by the body bearing member, doors formlng side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, door operating mechanisms suspended from the body and disposed on opposite sides of the center sill structure, each said mechanism including a connection to the adjacent door and a portion extending inwardly of the vehicle to overlie the portion engaging the-upper face of the center sill structure to retain the associated door in closed position when the body is horizontal and abutments upon the upper face of the center sill structure in spaced relation to the inwardly extending portion of each door mechanism, each said mechanism engaging the adjacent abutment when the body tilts about the opposite side of the underframe.

12. In a tilting body dump vehicle, in combination, an underframe, a body, bearings on the body engaging the underframe to support the 4 body when in normal position and when tilting to either side of the underframe, doors formi g side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floorv thereof, a door controlling mechanism for each door pivotally mounted on the body adjacent the respective door and engaging the adjacent portions of the underframe to control the respective door whilst the adjacent side of the body is in engagement with the underframe and during initial dumping movement about the opposite side of the underframe, each said mechanisms being independent of the other whilst the body is in normal position and cooperating to retain the door on the upper side of the body closed when the body moves out of normal position and independently of movement in the door on the lower side of the body.

13. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a, body supported thereon for tilting about opposite sides thereof, doors forming opposite side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, a door controlling mechanism pivotally mounted on the body adjacent each door and comprising a link and lever connection between the door and the body, a pressure member pivoted to the body adjacent said lever and having opposite ends selectively engaging the underframe and lever and actuated by relative movement between the underframe and body.

14. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body supported thereon for tilting toward opposite sides of the underframe, doors forming opposite side walls of the body and open ing outwardly and downwardly as the body is tilted, a link and lever connection between each doorand the body, a pressure member pivoted intermediate its ends upon the body adjacent each lever, means providing a separable bearing engagement with said underframe, each said opposite pressure member bearing surfaces engaging the respective adjacent lever and underframe when the body is in normal position and selectively moving away therefrom when the body alternately tilts about the opposite sides of the underframe.

15. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body tiltably supported on the underframe, doors forming side walls of the body and hinged adjacent the floor thereof, a lever and link connection between each door and the body below the plane of the floor of the body, the connection between said link and lever being disposed above a straight line through the respective connections between the lever and link to the gagement with the underframe'whilst the adja 75 centside of the body engages the underframe and being freed for pivoting relative to the body and underframe as the body moves in dumping, about the adjacent side of the underframe.

16. In a dump vehicle, in combination, an underframe, a tiltable body having opposite side walls formed with doors hinged adjacent the floor of the body, independent mechanism for controlling each door mounted on the body beneath the floor thereof'adjacent the door and connected with the underframe adjacent the opposite side of the body in a manner providing positive control of the respective door whilst the body is in normal position and when the door has opened during the tiltingfl and having a portion pivoting relative to its connection to the body and to the remainder of the mechanism to provide a 10st motion connection with the door when the door at the dumping side does not open to discharge lading.

17. In a dump vehicle in combination, an underframe, a body tiltably mounted thereon and door to closed position.

having a side wall including a door hinged adjacent the fioor thereof, a mechanism mounted on the body for controlling movements of the'door including a lever and link connection between the door and body, a pivoted crank and link connection between the body and opposite side of the underframe, and a lost motion connection between said crank and lever providing a positive connection therebetween and the door under control of the body when the body is tilting in one direction about the adjacent side of the underframe and a selective connection under control of the door when the body is tilting in the opposite direction about said side of the underframe.

18. The combination set forth in claim 17 in which the crank moves relative to the underframe during the tilting movements of the body to effect control of the door during discharge of the lading through said door and to return the 

